The
polar vortex
If the polar regions have a large ozone
lost spring this is mainly due to the polar
vortex.
The topography and the circular shape of
Antarctic is such that an extremely cold stratospheric
air vortex stagnant (to -148°F (-100°C)
in the Antarctic stratosphere and -112°F
(-80°C) in the stratosphere of the Arctic),
distinct from the rest of the atmosphere, which
is formed above the region during the long polar
nights. The polar vortex is established in the
middle and lower stratosphere above 9,9 miles
(16 km) altitude. The wind blowing around the
polar vortex can attain a speed of 0,0622 miles
(100 meters) per second. The air flows into
the polar vortex all winter, becoming cold enough
to allow the formation of polar stratospheric
clouds that accelerate and increase a destruction
of stratospheric ozone when the sunlight returns
to the start of spring.
The vortex is generally very stable above
Antarctica during the austral winter, because
it is a fairly homogeneous continent, well centered
at the south pole.
One such vortex also exists in the Arctic,
but to a lesser degree. The Arctic region arrange
of many and separate land masses and islands
that extend around the North Pole, so the air
can not circulate also easily in Antarctica
and be are unstable. What do the temperature
is not as low as in the South Pole.
The polar vortex is what is causing winter
depression and severe winters and it is also
the polar vortex which determines the undulations
of the polar jet.
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